Immunoglobulin molecules are
produced by the method of inoculation of an immunogen. Immunogen is a molecule
which extracts antibody production by the immune system. Common choice for an
immunogen is a protein molecule. In some cases, glycoprotein, polysaccharide
etc. are also used. Any immune system produces antibody in response to
immunogen. Antigen is a molecule with which an antibody molecule will react.
Hapten is a molecule, small in size, which corresponds to part of the structure
of an antigen which reacts specifically with the corresponding antibody
molecule. Serum is the liquid portion of
the blood that remains after the blood clotting. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) are present in serum usually in high concentrations. In
the initial stages of immune reaction, IgM is observed. After a while IgG is
observed which is used as a reagent. During the production of IgG, the hapten
is coupled to a protein, thus forming an immunogen. Somatic recombination is a
process employed for the production of the gene for the IgG polypeptide chains.
Polyclonal immunoglobulins are formed
after inoculation in a rabbit.
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